11. . In an election between two candidates, the winning candidate got 60% of the total votes and won by a majority of 2400 votes. What was the total number of votes polled?
A. 10000
B. 12000
C. 15000
D. 20000

सही उत्तर: [D]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: B) 12000
Solution:

Winner got 60%, so Loser got (100 - 60) = 40%.

Difference in percentage = 60% - 40% = 20%.

20% of Total Votes = 2400 => Total Votes = (2400 * 100) / 20 = 12000.
12. A student has to secure 40% marks to pass an exam. He gets 178 marks and fails by 22 marks. What are the maximum marks of the exam?
A. 400
B. 500
C. 600
D. 800

सही उत्तर: [B]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: B) 500
Solution:

Passing Marks = Marks obtained + Failing marks = 178 + 22 = 200.

40% of Maximum Marks = 200.

Maximum Marks = (200 * 100) / 40 = 500.
13. . If the price of petrol is increased by 25%, by how much percentage should a consumer reduce his consumption so that his expenditure remains unchanged?
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 15%
D. 30%

सही उत्तर: [A]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: A) 20%
Solution:

Required reduction % = [R / (100 + R)] * 100

= [25 / (100 + 25)] * 100 = (25/125) * 100 = 20%.
14. The population of a town increases by 10% annually. If its present population is 20,000, what will be its population after 2 years?
A. 22,000
B. 24,000
C. 24,200
D. 26,000

सही उत्तर: [C]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: C) 24,200
Solution:

Population after 2 years = Present Population * (1 + R/100)^2

= 20000 * (110/100) * (110/100) = 20000 * 1.21 = 24,200.
15. 45% of a number is 135. What is 80% of that number?
A. 200
B. 240
C. 270
D. 300

सही उत्तर: [B]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: B) 240
Solution:

45% = 135 => 1% = 135 / 45 = 3.

Therefore, 80% = 3 * 80 = 240
16. Out of his total income, Mr. Sharma spends 20% on house rent and 70% of the rest on household expenses. If he saves Rs. 3,600, what is his total income?
A. Rs. 15,000
B. Rs. 12,000
C. Rs. 10,000
D. Rs. 18,000

सही उत्तर: [A]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: A) Rs. 15,000
Solution:

Let total income be 100. Rent = 20, Remaining = 80.

Household expenses = 70% of 80 = 56.

Total savings = 80 - 56 = 24.

If 24 units = 3600, then 100 units = (3600 / 24) * 100 = Rs. 15,000.
17. An alloy contains 32% copper, 24% zinc and the rest is nickel. How much nickel is present in 5 kg of the alloy?
A. 2.2 kg
B. 2.4 kg
C. 2.0 kg
D. 1.8 kg

सही उत्तर: [A]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: A) 2.2 kg
Solution:

Percentage of Nickel = 100% - (32% + 24%) = 100% - 56% = 44%.

Amount of Nickel in 5 kg = 44% of 5 kg = (44/100) * 5 = 2.2 kg.
18. If 80% of A = 50% of B and B = x% of A, then the value of x is:
A. 40
B. 80
C. 160
D. 150

सही उत्तर: [C]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: C) 160
Solution:

(80/100) * A = (50/100) * B => 8A = 5B => B = (8/5)A.

Given B = (x/100) * A => (8/5)A = (x/100) * A => x = (8/5) * 100 = 160
19. The price of an item is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. What is the net change in the price?
A. No change
B. 1% increase
C. 1% decrease
D. 2% decrease

सही उत्तर: [C]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: C) 1% decrease
Solution:

Net change formula: A + B + (AB/100)

= 10 - 10 + [(10 * -10) / 100] = 0 - 1 = -1% (1% decrease).
20. In a test, a candidate securing 30% marks fails by 5 marks, while another candidate who secures 40% marks gets 10 marks more than the passing marks. The minimum marks required to pass are:
A. 50
B. 70
C. 100
D. 150

सही उत्तर: [A]

हल (Solution):
Correct Answer: A) 50
Solution:

Difference in percentage = 40% - 30% = 10%.

Difference in marks = 10 - (-5) = 15 marks.

10% = 15 => Total Marks = 150.

Passing marks = 30% of 150 + 5 = 45 + 5 = 50.